Systems dynamics modeling is a methodological approach and modeling paradigm used to understand the non-linear behavior of complex systems over time. It focuses on the structural elements of a system, such as stocks, flows, and feedback loops, to analyze how their interdependencies drive dynamic patterns. This approach investigates the underlying causes of observed system behavior by representing system elements and their interactions mathematically, often through differential equations, and simulating the system's evolution under various conditions. Key characteristics include the emphasis on feedback structures, time delays, and non-linear relationships between variables. Its significance lies in providing insights into the long-term consequences of policies and decisions, identifying high-leverage points for intervention, and challenging intuitive mental models of system dynamics across diverse fields ranging from business and economics to environmental science and public health.